” Approximant Là Gì – Approximant Có Nghĩa Là Gì

By Wikipedia,the free encyclopedia,http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lateral_consonant

Become a member of mister-map.com at just $8 per month (paid per year)

Laterals are “L”-like consonants pronounced with an occlusion made somewhere along the axis of the tongue, while air from the lungs escapes at one side or both sides of the tongue.

Đang xem: Approximant là gì

Most commonly the tip of the tongue makes contact with the upper teeth (see dental consonant) or the upper gum (the alveolar ridge) just behind the teeth (see alveolar consonant). The most common laterals are approximants and belong to the class of liquids.

Laterals in various languages

English has one lateral phoneme: the lateral approximant /l/, which in many accents has two allophones. One, found before vowels as in lady or fly, is called clear l, pronounced as the alveolar lateral approximant with a “neutral” position of the body of the tongue. The other variant, so-called dark l found before consonants or word-finally, as in bold or tell, is pronounced as the velarized alveolar lateral approximant <ɫ> with the tongue assuming a spoon-like shape with its back part raised, which gives the sound a – or <ʟ>-like resonance. In some languages, like Albanian, those two sounds are different phonemes. East Slavic languages contrast <ɫ> and but do not have a plain .

In many British accents (e.g. London English), dark <ɫ> may undergo vocalization through the reduction and loss of contact between the tip of the tongue the alveolar ridge, becoming a rounded back vowel or glide. This process turns tell into something like . A similar process happened in Brazilian Portuguese and in Old French, resulting in , whence Modern French sauce as compared with Spanish salsa. Also in Polish historical <ɫ> (spelled ł ) has become even word-initially or between vowels.

In central and Venice dialects of Vèneto intervocalic /l/ has turned into a semivocalic , so that the written word la bala is pronounced .

Many aboriginal Australian languages have a series of three or four lateral approximants, as do various dialects of Irish. Rarer lateral consonants include the retroflex laterals that can be found in most Indic languages and in some Swedish dialects; and the sound of Welsh ll, the voiceless alveolar lateral fricative /ɬ/ that is also found in Zulu and many Semitic and Native American languages. In Adyghe and some Athapaskan languages like Han both voiceless and voiced alveolar lateral fricative occur, but there is no approximant. Many of these languages also have lateral affricates. Some languages have palatal or velar voiceless lateral fricatives or affricates, such as Dahalo and Zulu but the IPA has no symbols for these sounds. However, appropriate symbols are easy to make by adding a lateral-fricative belt to the symbol for the corresponding lateral approximant (see below). Failing that, a devoicing diacritic is added to the approximant.

Xem thêm: Tam Sinh Tam Thế Thập Lý Đào Hoa Luu Diec Phi, Lưu Diệc Phi

Nearly all languages with such lateral obstruents also have the approximant. However, Tlingit is an exception, with /tɬ, tɬʰ, tɬ’, ɬ, ɬ’/ but no /l/.<1>

Tibetan has a voiceless lateral approximant, usually romanized as lh, as in the name Lhasa.

Pashto has retroflex lateral flap.

A large number of lateral click consonants, 17, occur in !Xóõ.

List of laterals

Approximants

Fricatives

Affricates

Flaps

Clicks

Other symbols

The symbol for the voiceless alveolar lateral fricative forms the basis for the occasional ad hoc symbols for other voiceless lateral fricatives: retroflex, palatal, velar (the latter two only known from affricates):

The symbol for the alveolar lateral flap is the basis for the expected symbol for the retroflex lateral flap:

Such symbols are rare, but are becoming more common now that font-editing software has become accessible. Note however that since they are not sanctioned by the IPA, there are no Unicode values for them.

Xem thêm: acc pubg free

Notes

See also

References

Consonants

This table contains phonetic information in IPA, which may not display correctly in some browsers. Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote pulmonic articulations judged to be impossible.

Please see some ads as well as other content from mister-map.com:

Menu

Recommend This Article

Read More Articles

Search Article Index

Read Sense of Life Articles

Submit Your Article

Obtain Translation Jobs

Visit Language Job Board

Post Your Translation Job!

Register Translation Agency

Submit Your Resume

Find Freelance Translators

Buy Database of Translators

Buy Database of Agencies

Obtain Blacklisted Agencies

Advertise Here

Use Free Translators

Use Free Dictionaries

Use Free Glossaries

Use Free Software

Vote in Polls for Translators

Read Testimonials

Read More Testimonials

Read Even More Testimonials

Read Yet More Testimonials

And More Testimonials!

Admire God”s Creations

Related Posts Hỏi đáp Tổng hợp những kinh nghiệm cá cược bóng đá của các chuyên gia năm 2022 04/08/202204/08/2022 GRA Hỏi đáp Waite Meaning – Waite Definition And Meaning 26/03/202125/04/2021 mistermap